Anatomy: June 2011

Friday, 17 June 2011

Two tricks to remember 12 cranial nerves


First trick to remember 12 cranial nerves
1
On Occassion Of Party The All Faces Are Girl Visitors Showing Hands
1 O Olfactory
2 O Optic 
3 O Occulamotor
4 P Pathetic
5 T Trigeminal
6 A Abducence
7 F Facial
8 A Auditory
9 G Glossopharyngeal 
10 V Vagus
11 S Spinal Accessory
12 H Hypoglossal


Second  trick to remember 12 cranial nerves


2



Sometimes it is easier to recite a story in which a list of terms is embedded rather than memorize a list. For years, med students have been struggling to come up with a way of remembering the 12 cranial nerves, and I think this short story by Gordon Bower does the trick well.
"At the OIL FACTORY, the OPTICIAN looked for the OCCUPANT of the TRUCK. He was searching because 3 GEMS had been ABDUCTED by a man who was hiding his FACE and EARS. A GLOSSY PHOTOGRAPH has been taken of him, but it was too VAGUE to use. He appeared to be SPINELESS and HYPOCRITICAL."
Got them yet? In order, the oil factory is the olfactory nerve; the optician is the optical nerve; the occupant is the occulomotor nerve; the truck represents the trochlear nerve; the 3 gems are the trigeminal nerve; abducted is really the abducens; face is facial; ears really means auditory; glossy photograph is glosso-pharyngeal; spineless relates to the spinal accessory nerve; and hypocritical is the hypoglossal nerve 

Wednesday, 15 June 2011

Facial N


Facial nerve VII th nerve

IT is attached to brain srtem by two roots 
sensory and motor… 
the motor is also called nervus intermedius…
‘it is attached to lateral to lower border of pons medial to eight nerve…
It passes laterally and reache the external meatus..
In MEATUS
In meatus the motor root lies in groove on 8th nerve with the sensory nerve intervening….
Here it is being accompanied by labyrinth vessesls

AT BOTTOM OF FUNDUS
At fundus of fundus the two roots join together to forma trunk and the trunk lies in d petrous temporal bone…

WITHIN CANAL
IT COURSE CAN BE DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS
1 PARTS LIES ANTERIOR TO vestibule
2ND PART LIES medial to the middle ear above the promontory
3rd part is vertical
First bent lies at the junction of 1st nad 2nd part
It lies anterosuperior part of promontory called genu
2nd bent is gradual and lies b/w aditus to mastoid antrum and promontory
FCIAL NERVE LEAVE THE SKULL Y PASSING THROUGH STYLOMASTOID FORAM4N

EXTRACRANIAL COURSE
IN extracranial course it passes lateral to base f styloid process lies posteromedial wall of parotid gland crossing retromandibular vein and external carotid artery reaches behind neck of mandible ( 5 branches)

DIVISION
WITHIN CANAL
1. GREATER PETROSAL
2. CHORDA TYMPHANI
3. NERVE TO STAPEDIUS

NERVE TO STAPEDIUS ARISES OPPOSITE TO PYRAMID OF MIDDLE EAR
The muscle damp excessive vibration

CHORDA TYMPANI it arises 6mm above the stylomastoid foramen…
Enter the medial ear through petro tymphnic fissure reaches infratemporal fossa joins lingual nerve…

Supply
Submandibular gland
Anterior 2/3 of tongue…

temporal
Auricularis anterior
Auricularis superior
Frontalis
Orbicularis occuli
Corrugator supercillia

Zygomatic
Supply
Orbicularis occuli

Buccal two in no…
One above the parotid gland and second below

Marginal mandibular
Below angle of mandible supply muscles of chin and lower lip

Cervical
Platysma

Other branches
Post auricular
Digastric
Stylohyoid 

Tuesday, 14 June 2011


occulomotor nerve

OCCULOMOTOR NUCLEUS

SITUATED IN VENTROMEDIAL PART OF GREY MATTER OF MIDBRAIN AT LEVEL OF SUPERIOR COLLICULUS

CILIARIS AND CONSRICTRICTOR PUPILLAE ARISES FROM EDINGER WESTPAL NUCLEUS
VENTOMEDIALLY IT IS LOCATED TO MEDIAN LONGITUDINAL BUNDLE

COURSE

1. INTRANEURAL COURSE
IN INTRANEURAL COURSE FIBRES PASSESES THROUGH RED NUCLEUS SUBSTANTIA NIGRA TEGMENTUM ( R, S,T )

2. AT THE BASE OF SKULL FIBRES ARE ATTTACHED TO MEDIAL SIDE OF CRUS CREBRI

3. THE NERVE PASSES THROUGH SUPERIOR CEREBELLAR AND POST CEREBRAL ( LAST TWO BRANCHES OF BASILAR) THROUGH INTERPEDUNCULAR CISTERN REACHES LATERAL SIDE OF POST COMMUNICATING AND REACHES CAVERNOUS SINUS

IT ENTER CAVERNOUS SINUS THROUGH POST PART OF LATERAL OF ROOF OF CLINIOD PROCESS..
IT DESCEND TO LATERAL SIDE OF CAVERNOUS SINUS LIES ABOVE TROCHLEAR N..

IT DIVIDE INTO UPPER AND LOWER DIVISION

THESE DIVISION ENTER MIDDLE OF SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE AND NASOCILLARY NERVE LIES IN B/W DIVISION AND ABDUCENT NERVE LIES INFEROLATERAL TO IT..

THE SMALLER LONGER DIVISION ENTER SUPPLY SUPERIOR RECTUS AND L.P.S

THE LONGER AND SMALLER DIVISION ENTER MIDDL RECTUS, INFERIOR OBLIQUE AND INFERIOR RECTUS…

CLINICAL ANATOMY
LATERAL SQUINT
DROOPING OF EYELID
PROPTOSIS
DILATION OF PUPI;L

Thursday, 9 June 2011

cranial Nerves mnemonics II


==Layers of cerebellar cortex:
MPG -"miles per gallon"-----molecular ----purkinje-----granular

==TRIGEMINAL GANGLION

1. SENSORY GANGLION
2. HOMOLOGOUS TO DORSAL ROOT OF SPINAL NERVE
3. PSEUDOUNIPOLAR GANGLION
4. T SHAPED ARRANGEMENT
CELL BODY -------≤ DIVIDING INTO CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL PROCESS

NERVE SUPPLY
LR LATERAL RECTUS 6 th nerve
REMEMBER LR6
AND SO4
SUPERIOR OBLIQUE 4 NERVE

REST SUPPLIED BY OCCULUMOTOR NERVE….
REMEMBER LPS SUPPLIED BY 3RD NERVEOCCLUMOTOR)
EROSUPERIOR TO OPTIC CANAL AND ORIGIN OF SUPERIOR RECTUS)

On Occassion Of Party The All Faces Are Girl Visitors Showing Hands
1 O Olfactory
2 O Optic 
3 O Occulamotor
4 P Pathetic
5 T Trigeminal
6 A Abducence
7 F Facial
8 A Auditory
9 G Glossopharyngeal 
10 V Vagus
11 S Spinal Accessory
12 H Hypoglossal




cranial Nerves mnemonics


==Scalp ...nerve supply    GLASS
Greater occipital
Lesser occipital
Auriculotemporal
Supra trochlear
Supra orbital

==Branches of Facial nerve in parotid gland.
Two Zebras Bit My Cat
T-temporal nerve
Z-Zygomatic nerve
B-Buccal nerve
M-Mandibular nerve==Structures that pass through the supraorbital fissure
Luscious French Tarts Sit Naked In Anticipation Of Sex
Lacrimal nerve
Frontal nerve
Trochlea nerve
Superior branch of Oculomotor nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Inferior branch of Oculomotor nerve
Abducent nerve
Ophthalmic veins
Sympathetic nerves

 C-Cervical nerve

==Facial nerve branches "Tall Zulus Bear Many Children":
· From superior to inferior:
Temporal branch
Zygomatic branch
Buccal branch
Mandibular branch
Cervical branch

==Trigeminal Nerve, where branches exit skull :::Standing Room Only
Superior orbital fissure is V1
foramen Rotundum is V2
foramen Ovale is V3